Urine Full Examination

Urine FEME

YAY WE SURVIVED HALF OF OUR SIP! Haha great job guys! :)

Anyway like what Lesile mentioned in his post, for the 3 of us in Raffles we are permanently stationed in a section each. I’m stationed at the urine section! Hence today I will share with you guys about Urine FEME.

Urine FEME stands for Urine Full Examination(FE) Microscopy Examination(ME).
As the name implies, there is 2 processes to perform upon receiving the urine samples.

I will share with guys what is FE this post and contiune with ME on my next post yeah:)

Full Examination
The 1st process to perform upon receiving a urine sample is urine full examination. This process uses urine dip stick to test for the content of the urine.

For my lab, we uses Combur-test strips and Miditron Junior II to obtain the results.

Test for:

S.G (Specific Gravity):
o Purpose: Check the amount of substances in urine, which shows us how well our kidneys balance the amount of water in urine.
o Range: 1.005-1.030

pH:
o Purpose: Measure how acidic or alkaline the urine is.
o Range: pH 4.5-8
o In our lab, we use the pH to determine the type of crystals observed in urine.
(Will be further evaluated under ME)

Pro (Protein):
o Purpose: Detect for kidney diseases; measures albumin level in urine
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If pro is > 1+, we need to look out for cast in ME
o Fever and pregnancy may cause protein in urine.

Leu (Leucocytes):
o Purpose: Detect for UTI
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If leu is > trace, we need to look out for WBCs in ME for confirmatory.

Nit (Nitrate):
o Purpose: Detect for bacteria infectioin
o Range: neg or pos
o Even if it is pos, report only if there is present of bacteria.

Glu (Glucose):
o Purpose: To detect for diabetes
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If glu is > trace, do a confirmatory test with Keto-Diabur-Test 5000 urine dip sticks.

Ket (Ketones):
o Purpose: To measure whether fat is metabolized properly in our body.
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If ket is > trace, do a confirmatory test with Keto-Diabur-Test 5000 urine dip sticks.

Ubg (Urobilinogen):
o Purpose: Detect for hepatic dysfunction
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If ubg is > 2+, perform confirmatory test by repeating Combur-test strips.

Bil (Bilirubin):
o Purpose: Detect for hepatic dysfunction
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If leu is > 1+, perform confirmatory test with bilirubin tablet (ICTOTEST® Reagent Tablet)
(If tablet turns absorbant purple, bil is pos)

Ery (Erthrocytes):
o Purpose: Pathologically significant for several diseases
o Range: neg, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
o If leu is > 1+, we need to look out for RBCs in ME for confirmatory.

For more details, visit
http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/urine-test
http://www.anytestkits.com/utk-urobilinogen-in-urine.htm

Hui Min
TG01